Almost all diabetes tests are now conducted on blood samples, which are collected in a visit to your physician
There are three types of tests that help health care providers make a diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes.
• HbA1C (A1C or glycosylated hemoglobin test)
A new test option has recently been added to the diagnostic arsenal: The A1C, which has been used for years as the gold standard for monitoring blood sugar levels for people with diabetes, can now be used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes. This test measures the amount of hemoglobin in the blood that's been glycolized by combining with sugar—the numbers are higher if you have uncontrolled high blood sugar. The A1C test measures your average blood glucose control forthe past 2 to 3 months. This test is more convenient because no fasting is required. An A1C of 5.7% to 6.4% means that you are at high risk for the development of diabetes and you have prediabetetes. Diabetes is diagnosed when the A1C is 6.5% or higher. This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. The higher your blood sugar levels, the more hemoglobin you'll have with sugar attached. An A1C level of 6.5 percent or higher on two separate tests indicates that you have diabetes.
If the A1C test results aren't consistent, the test isn't available, or if you have certain conditions that can make the A1C test inaccurate — such as if you're pregnant or have an uncommon form of hemoglobin (known as a hemoglobin variant) — your doctor may use the following tests to diagnose diabetes:
• Fasting blood sugar test.
A blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast. A blood sugar level from 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes, sometimes referred to as impaired fasting glucose. Normal is below 100 mg/dL. A blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast. A fasting blood sugar level between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes. If it's 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher on two separate tests, you'll be diagnosed with diabetes.
• Oral glucose tolerance test.
A blood sample will be taken after you fast for at least eight hours or overnight. Then you'll drink a sugary solution, and your blood sugar level will be measured again after two hours. A blood sugar level less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is normal. A blood sugar level from 140 to 199 mg/dL (7.8 to 11 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes. This is sometimes referred to as impaired glucose tolerance.
There are three types of tests that help health care providers make a diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes.
• HbA1C (A1C or glycosylated hemoglobin test)
A new test option has recently been added to the diagnostic arsenal: The A1C, which has been used for years as the gold standard for monitoring blood sugar levels for people with diabetes, can now be used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes. This test measures the amount of hemoglobin in the blood that's been glycolized by combining with sugar—the numbers are higher if you have uncontrolled high blood sugar. The A1C test measures your average blood glucose control forthe past 2 to 3 months. This test is more convenient because no fasting is required. An A1C of 5.7% to 6.4% means that you are at high risk for the development of diabetes and you have prediabetetes. Diabetes is diagnosed when the A1C is 6.5% or higher. This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. The higher your blood sugar levels, the more hemoglobin you'll have with sugar attached. An A1C level of 6.5 percent or higher on two separate tests indicates that you have diabetes.
If the A1C test results aren't consistent, the test isn't available, or if you have certain conditions that can make the A1C test inaccurate — such as if you're pregnant or have an uncommon form of hemoglobin (known as a hemoglobin variant) — your doctor may use the following tests to diagnose diabetes:
• Fasting blood sugar test.
A blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast. A blood sugar level from 100 to 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes, sometimes referred to as impaired fasting glucose. Normal is below 100 mg/dL. A blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast. A fasting blood sugar level between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes. If it's 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher on two separate tests, you'll be diagnosed with diabetes.
• Oral glucose tolerance test.
A blood sample will be taken after you fast for at least eight hours or overnight. Then you'll drink a sugary solution, and your blood sugar level will be measured again after two hours. A blood sugar level less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is normal. A blood sugar level from 140 to 199 mg/dL (7.8 to 11 mmol/L) is considered prediabetes. This is sometimes referred to as impaired glucose tolerance.
评论
发表评论